Dipstick

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Be familiar with the common urinary tests (urine dipstick, urine microscopy, urine osmolality, urine sodium, ACR, PCR and 24hr urine protein) and be able to interpret abnormal results

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• what are the components?
• what is its clinical relevance?
• what is the normal range of SG?
• what are the different types of proteinuria (UACR)?
• compare dipstick vs UACR vs 24hr urinary protein?
• Aetiology

Urine Microscopy

• what is urine microscopy vs UMCS?
• what do different urinary casts suggest?
• Practice Questions💥