Learning Objectives

• Describe the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
• Explain the effects of corticotropin releasing hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone in response to physical and emotional stress
• Discuss the relationships between inflammation and stress response
• Summarise the mediators of the stress response

Stress System

• stressors act on the [site], which stimulates [2 systems]?
• what are the central components of the stress system?
• what are the peripheral components of the stress system?
• what functions are affected by HPA hormones?
• what endocrine axes are associated with the stress response?

Stress Response

• what other hormones are involved in the stress response?
• what are the 3 stages of General Adaptation Syndrome?
• compare the immediate vs long term stress response?
• what factors can modify physiological responses to stress?
• what is allostasis? purpose?
• what is allostatic loading?