Learning Objectives

• Appreciate that allele frequencies in a given population are influenced by factors such as: non-random mating; natural selection; migration and genetic drift
• Apply the Hardy-Weinberg Equation to a population with allele frequencies in equilibrium
• Understand that allele frequencies change over time
• Recognise that evolution is a process in which natural selection drives changes in a specific populations genetic variation; and that over time, this results in phenotypic change

Evolution

• what is evolution?
• how does natural selection drive evolution?
• what happens when reproductive fitness changes?
• what is the consequence of stopping antibiotics early?
• if dominant traits are usually good, why don't dominant alleles take over a population?

Population Genetics

• what is the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
• what does it mean for a population to be in H-W equilibrium?
• what conditions are required for H-W equilibrium?
• what are 4 exceptions to the H-W equation?