Learning Objectives

• Name the major hormones regulating plasma calcium and phosphate level
• Describe the physiologic effects of parathyroid hormone
• Describe the regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion
• Describe the target organ and cellular mechanism of calcitonin and Vitamin D
• Explain the causes and consequence of excess or deficiency of PTH and Vitamin D
• Discuss the hormonal regulation of plasma calcium concentration

Calcium and Phosphate Regulation

• what 3 regulatory hormones control these mineral levels?
• what 3 regulatory mechanisms control these mineral levels?

Hypocalcemia

• what is hypocalcemia?
• what are the consequences of hypocalcemia?
• what are some causes of hypocalcemia?

Hypoparathyroidism

• what is hypoparathyroidism?
• what are the consequences of hypoparathyroidism?
• what are the consequences of pseudo-hypoparathyroidism?
• what are the causes of pseudo-hypoparathyroidism?