Learning Objectives

• Discuss the epidemiology of NCDs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
• Discuss the importance of UHC in relation to the NCD burden
• Discuss, using examples, how health services, particularly those offering primary health care, need to adjust their models of care in response to rising NCD rates
• Discuss, using examples, how patients use of health care services is adapting to manage NCDs
• Use examples to describe how governments can respond to rising NCD rates
• Discuss the purpose and rationale of the WHO best buys for NCD’s and the WHO-PEN (Package of essential NCD interventions)
• Discuss ways in which implementation of the SGDs could impact NCD rates and management – and in which high NCD rates impede progress towards SDG’s
• Describe the impact of COVID-19 on NCDs

Epidemiology

• worldwide, what % of deaths do NCDs account for?
• how many of these deaths occur in LMICs?
• what are the big 4 NCDs?
• what 4 risk factors cause these?
• what are some problems with mental health disorders?
• globally, how many people have a disability?
• how has COVID-19 impacted NCD management?

Universal Health Coverage

• what is universal health coverage (UHC)?