Learning Objectives

• Know the metabolic pathway of glycolysis with inhibitors, cofactors, and regulators
• Know which reactions are irreversible in glycolysis
• Know how gluconeogenesis differs from glycolysis
• Know the enzymatic steps of gluconeogenesis and how it is regulated
• Know the glycogenic and glycogenolytic pathways and how they are regulated
• Know how fructose and galactose are enzymatically metabolised
• Know the pentose phosphate pathway to ribulose-5-phosphate (the sugar precursor for DNA)
• Know what the pentose phosphate products do for the cell

Glycolysis

• what are the net overall products of glycolysis?
• glycolysis is a major source of energy in the [state]?
• where in cells do these reactions occur?
• what are the steps of glycolysis?
• which steps are regulated?
• which cell only uses glycolysis for ATP production? why?

Glycogen

• what is the role of glycogen?
• what are the steps of glycogenesis?