Learning Objectives

• Discuss the renal blood supply and list the characteristics of renal circulation
• Explain the factors regulating renal blood flow
• Explain the structure of the filtrating membrane
• Explain the basic processes involved in the formation of urine
• Explain the process of glomerular filtration
• Discuss the mechanism of regulation of urine volume
• Define glomerular filtration rate and discuss the factors regulating glomerular filtration rate

Renal Circulation

• what % and volume of total CO do the kidneys receive?
• what structures form the double capillary network?
• what is the result of having 2 arterioles in series?
• what are the structural features of cortical nephrons?
• what are the structural features of juxtamedullary nephrons?
• what are the special features of renal circulation?

Glomerulus & JGA

• what are the structural features of the glomerulus?
• what is the site of inflammation in glomerular diseases?
• what structures forms the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?