Learning Objectives

• Describe the key features of both conducting and respiratory zones
• Discuss the factors that affect airway patency
• Discuss the pressure and volume changes that occur during inspiration and expiration
• Describe the factors affecting lung compliance and the cost of ventilation
• Define the various respiratory rates, patterns, volumes, and capacities
• Explain how the cost of breathing is altered in normal and diseased states
• Resources

Respiratory Gas Movement

• what are the steps of the oxygen cascade?
• what are the steps of $\small\ce{CO_2}$ movement?
• what is pulmonary ventilation?

Conducting & Respiratory Zones

• what are the structures of the conducting zone?
• what are the functions of the conducting zone?
• what are the structures of the respiratory zone?
• what are the functions of the respiratory zone?
• How Is Patency Maintained In

Mechanics of Ventilation