Learning Objectives

• Identify the potential receptor, enzyme, and ion channel targets for drugs to interact with cardiovascular function
• Outline the pathophysiological mechanisms and processes responsible for the development of HF and angina
• Describe the cellular mechanism of action of drug classes used in the management of HF and angina
• Explain the rationale for the therapeutic use for each of these drug classes in the treatment of heart failure and / or angina
• Explain the major adverse effects and important interactions and contraindications associated with these drug classes
• Outline the main current therapeutic approaches to pharmacotherapy of hypertension, HF & stable angina

Pharmacological Approach to HF

• what are the implications of systolic vs diastolic HF?
• what are the goals of HF treatment?
• what are the 1st-line drugs for HF?
• how many beta-blockers are 1st-line HF drugs? why is this?
• what are the 1st-line drug(s) for HF with AF?
• what is cardiac remodelling? which drug classes affect this process?

Aldosterone Antagonists

• mechanism of action?
• indications?
• major adverse effects?

Sympathomimetics