Learning Objectives
- Demonstrate the main anatomical features and surface landmarks of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and sternum
- Describe the anatomy of the joints between the ribs, vertebrae, costal cartilages, and sternum. Explain their contribution to the movements of ventilation
- Describe the boundaries of the thoracic inlet and outlet and the structures that pass through them and their relations
- Describe the anatomy of the intercostal muscles
- Describe the attachments and relations of the diaphragm and the structures that pass through and behind it. Explain the movements of the diaphragm, its motor and sensory innervation, and pleural and peritoneal coverings
- Explain the movements involved in normal, vigorous, and forced ventilation and describe the muscles responsible for these movements
- Describe a neurovascular bundle in a typical intercostal space and outline the structures its components supply
- Describe the course and major relations of the thoracic duct. Explain the lymph drainage within the thorax and its clinical significance
Thorax
- what is the thorax?
- compare the thoracic cage vs wall vs cavity?
- what is function of the superior thoracic aperture?
- what is function of the inferior thoracic aperture?
Thoracic Cage
- what are the functions of the thoracic cage?
- what structures make it up?
Respiratory Muscles
- in inspiration, what dimensions does the thoracic cage expand into?